| Comparison Items | Rock Wool Board | Polystyrene Board (EPS/XPS) | Polyurethane Board (PU) | Glass Wool Board | Aerated Concrete Block |
| Combustion Performance | Class A non-combustible (highest grade) | Class B1-B2 (flame-retardant-combustible) | Class B1 (flame-retardant, toxic fumes released at high temperatures) | Class A non-combustible | Class A non-combustible |
| Thermal Conductivity (W/(m*K)) | 0.036-0.048 | 0.030-0.040 (EPS); 0.028-0.032 (XPS) | 0.022-0.028 | 0.035-0.045 | 0.16-0.28 |
| Insulation Performance | Good | Excellent (XPS better than EPS) | Superior (best insulation effect) | Good | Average |
| Sound Insulation Performance | Excellent (fiber structure blocks air and solid sound transmission) | Average (low density, weak in blocking low-frequency noise) | Good (closed-cell structure, slightly better than polystyrene) | Good (fiber structure, mainly sound absorption) | Good (porous structure, moderate sound insulation) |
| Mechanical Strength | Compressive strength ≥40kPa, good toughness | EPS compressive strength ≥100kPa; XPS ≥200kPa | Compressive strength ≥200kPa, high hardness | Low compressive strength (≤30kPa), easy to break | Compressive strength ≥3.5MPa, high strength |
| Temperature Resistance Range | -268℃ to 650℃ (high-temperature resistant) | -50℃ to 70℃ (easy to deform at high temperatures) | -50℃ to 120℃ (easy to age beyond this range) | -120℃ to 400℃ | -50℃ to 600℃ (high-temperature resistant) |
| Weather Resistance | Moisture-resistant, anti-aging, adaptable to multiple climates | EPS absorbs water easily; XPS shrinks at high temperatures | Vulnerable to UV rays (needs protective layer), average water resistance | Poor water resistance (insulation drops when wet) | Moisture-resistant, good frost resistance |
| Environmental Friendliness | Made from natural rocks, formaldehyde-free, recyclable | Organic material, some contain flame retardants, hard to degrade | Contains isocyanates, emission control required during production | Glass fibers may irritate skin, average recyclability | Inorganic material, non-toxic, recyclable |
| Key Advantages | - Top-level fire resistance, high safety
- Integrates insulation, soundproofing, and weather resistance
- Adapts to harsh environments (high temperature, humidity, etc.)
| - High insulation efficiency, low cost
- Lightweight for construction, suitable for low-risk scenarios
| - Optimal insulation performance, significant energy-saving effect
- High strength, good integrity
| - Excellent sound absorption, suitable for acoustic scenarios
- Low cost
| - Integrates load-bearing and insulation
- Durable, same lifespan as buildings
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| Typical Applications | External wall insulation, fire barriers, industrial pipeline insulation | Internal building insulation, low-temperature storage, packaging cushioning | High-end building insulation, cold storage insulation, pipeline insulation | Concert halls, machine room soundproofing, ceiling filling | Wall masonry, self-insulating buildings |
